🎬show the exponential decay over the time scale set by the characteristic charge relaxation time

This visualization confirms the fundamental behavior of conductors: any net electrical charge introduced inside the material must instantaneously dissipate and move to the surface. This highly efficient self-correction is governed by the charge relaxation time ( $\tau=\varepsilon_0 / \sigma$ ). Since $\sigma$ (conductivity) is typically enormous for metals, $\tau$ is extremely short (often femtoseconds), meaning that charge dissipation is effectively immediate. The animated decay curve and the fading gray block represent this rapid, unavoidable flow of charge driven by the internal electric field that the charge itself generates.

Narrated Video

Condensed Notes

show the exponential decay over the time scale set by the characteristic charge relaxation time | Animated Resultsviadean on Notion