❓What is the formula for the gravitational potential outside a spherical mass distribution?

The gravitational potential ϕ\phi outside a spherical mass distribution of mass MM at a distance r=(x1)2+(x2)2+(x3)2r= \sqrt{\left(x^1\right)^2+\left(x^2\right)^2+\left(x^3\right)^2} from its center is given by:

ϕ(x)=−GMr\phi(x)=-\frac{G M}{r}

which is the standard formula for the Newtonian Gravitational Potential outside of a spherically symmetric mass distribution (like a star or planet).

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